Disease monitoring and forecasting (Phytophthora)

No forecasting methods have been developed for Phytophthora fruit rot.  However, the risk of rotting in store due to Phytophthora can be assessed pre-harvest based on orchard rot history, the amount of bare ground in the orchard, % crop <½ metre (knee height) from the ground and the accumulated rainfall in the 15 days prior to harvest.

  • Identify orchards at risk from Phytophthora rot in July so that rot management strategies can be formulated.
  • At risk orchards can be identified based on orchard rot history, amount of bare ground and likely incidence of low hanging fruit.
  • Reassess these factors nearer harvest in August / September.
  • Estimate the bare ground under trees, taking into account mulch and weed cover:

100% bare ground (overall herbicide) = high risk.

0% bare ground (overall grass or mulch or weed cover) = low risk.

20% or >bare ground (herbicide strip) = moderate-high risk.

  • Multi-row bed orchards are most at risk.
  • Select 20 trees at random and assess the percentage of the crop <½ metre (knee height) from the ground:

15% or >of crop = risk.

  • Monitor rainfall in the 15 days before harvest:

20 mm or >accumulated rain = risk.