Site altitude, aspect and slope Provision of adequate shelter in the orchard Frost damage Suitable pollinating varieties Self fertility Pollination using ornamental crab apples or other Malus species Production of adequate quantities of viable pollen The …
In the UK the most favourable sites are likely to be those at altitudes between sea level and 125 metres above sea level. Depending on site topography, wind speed tends to increase whilst temperature and sunshine decrease with increasing altitude. …
Most sites benefit from planting strategically positioned living windbreaks or the erection of artificial windbreaks. These reduce the speed of wind flows across the site in the spring, so reducing the desiccating and chilling influence on the delicate …
Avoidance of frost damage In some seasons, considerable damage to flowers and young fruitlets is caused by frost . Desiccating winds at the time of flowering also serve to kill pollen and inhibit the activity of pollinating insects. Measures that can be …
Damage from radiation frosts may be reduced by applying orchard heating, by sprinkler irrigation, by use of wind machines or by use of fogging systems during the frosts. The objective of all of these measures is to alter what is called the thermal regime …
The nature of frost damage to flowers and fruitlets At freezing temperatures cells are destroyed in the flower. Usually the ovule and style are more susceptible to freezing damage than the pollen ( Lommel and Greene, 1931 ). Also, temperatures just above …
Sprays of plant growth regulators, antitranspirants and other compounds Although sprays of plant growth regulators have been reported to influence the winter hardiness of trees, these treatments have very little direct effect on the frost tolerance of …
Rain during the flowering period of apples reduces the potential for effective pollination and fruit set. Firstly, the rain inhibits the foraging activities of all bee species and thus reduces pollen transfer. Secondly, rain inhibits the germination and …
Most apple varieties are self-sterile and require pollen from another variety to achieve effective fruit set. Pollinating varieties, either other dessert or culinary varieties or ornamental crab apple varieties are planted in the orchard to provide this …
Most varieties of apple are self-sterile requiring pollination by another variety for successful fruit set. The exceptions are Self-fertile clones A number of varieties which seem partially self-fertile in specific climatic conditions Self-fertility …
Niab
Park Farm Campus
Villa Road
Histon
Cambridge
CB24 9AT, UK
Tel: +44(0)1223 342200
Email: [email protected]
