Further reading (Apple Sawfly)

Cross, J. V. & Jay, C.N. 1998. Effects of fungicides against apple sawfly. Report to APRC 1998, 5pp.

Cross, J. V., Solomon, M. G., et al. 1999. Biocontrol of pests of apples and pears in Northern and central Europe. 2. Parasitoids. Biocontrol Science and Technology 9, 277-314.

Graf, B., Hopli, H. U. & Hohn, H. 1996. Modelling spring emergence of apple sawfly Hoplocampa testudinea Klug. Acta Horticulturae 416, 263-271.

Miles, H. W. 1932. On the biology of the apple sawfly, Hoplocmpa testudinea Klug. Annals of Applied Biology 14, 420-431.

Olszak, R. W. & Maciesiak, A. 1996. Preliminary investigations of the control of apple sawfly with fungicides. Brighton Crop Protection Conference – Pests and Diseases 1996, 331-336

Owens, E. D. & Prokopy, R. J. 1978. Visual monitoring trap for the European apple sawfly. Journal of Economic Entomology 71(4), 576-578.

Zijp, J. P. & Blommers, L. H. M. 1997. Prediction of the flight of apple sawfly, Hoplocampa testudinea, using temperature sums. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 84, 71-75.